Transformer (Transformer) er en enhed, der bruger princippet om elektromagnetisk induktion til at ændre vekselstrømspænding, hovedkomponenterne er den primære spole, den sekundære spole og jernkernen (magnetisk kerne). De vigtigste funktioner er: spændingstransformation, strømtransformation, impedanstransformation, isolering, spændingsstabilisering (magnetisk mætningstransformator) osv. Det kan opdeles i effekttransformatorer og specielle transformatorer (elektrisk ovnstransformator, ensrettertransformator, effektfrekvens testtransformator, spænding regulator, minetransformator, lydtransformator, mellemfrekvenstransformator, højfrekvenstransformator, slagtransformator, instrumenttransformator, elektronisk transformer), reaktorer, transformatorer osv.). Kredssymboler bruger ofte T som begyndelsen på tallet. Eksempel: T01, T201 osv.
Udgangsreaktor: når længden på kabeludgangen fra inverteren til motoren er større end den specificerede værdi af produktet, skal der tilføjes en udgangsreaktor for at kompensere for påvirkningen af ladningen og afladningen af den koblede elektriske kapacitet, når den elektriske kablet kører for at undgå omformerens flow. Output dv / dt reaktor: For at begrænse stigningen i inverterens udgangsspænding for at sikre, at motorens isolering er normal. Sinusformet bølgefilter: Gør inverterens spænding og strøm ca. Disse indstillinger skal installeres på udgangssiden af inverteren.
Følgende er produktmodellen og dens introduktion ：
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4NC5112-0BC20；4NC5112-0CB21；4NC5112-2BC20；4NC5112-2CB21；4NC5113-0BC20；4NC5113-0CB21；4NC5113-2BC20；4NC5113-2CB21；4NC5115-0CC21；4NC5115-2CC21；4NC5117-0CC21；4NC5117-0DA21；4NC5117-2CC21；4NC5117-2DA21；4NC5121-0CC21；4NC5121-0DC21；4NC5121-2CC21；4NC5121-2DC21；4NC5121-2FA21；4NC5122-0CE21；4NC5122-0DE21；4NC5122-2CE21；4NC5122-2DE21；4NC5122-2FC21；4NC5123-0CE20；4NC5123-0CE21；4NC5123-0DE21；4NC5123-2CE20；4NC5123-2CE21；4NC5123-2DE21；4NC5123-2FC21；4NC5124-2FE21；4NC5125-2FE21；4NC5126-2FE21；4NC5222-0CE21；4NC5222-0DE21；4NC5222-2CE21；4NC5222-2DE21；4NC5223-0CE21；4NC5223-0DE21；4NC5223-2CE21；4NC5223-2DE21；4NC5224-0CE20；4NC5224-0CE21；4NC5224-0DE21；4NC5224-2CE20；4NC5224-2CE21；4NC5224-2DE21；4NC5225-0CE21；4NC5225-0DE21；4NC5225-2CE21；4NC5225-2DE21；4NC5227-2FE21；4NC5228-2FE21；4NC5231-2FE21；4NC5232-2FE21；4NC5325-0CE20；4NC5325-0CE21；4NC5325-0DE21；4NC5325-2CE20；4NC5325-2CE21；4NC5325-2DE21；4NC5326-0CE21；4NC5326-0DE21；4NC5326-2CE21；4NC5326-2DE21；4NC5327-0CE21；4NC5327-0DE21；4NC5327-2CE21；4NC5327-2DE21；4NC5328-2CE20；4NC5330-0CE21；4NC5330-0DE21；4NC5330-2CE21；4NC5330-2DE21；4NC5331-2DE21；4NC5431-0CH20；4NC5431-0CH21；4NC5431-0DH21；4NC5431-2CH21；4NC5431-2DH21；4NC5432-0CH21；4NC5432-0DH21；4NC5432-2CH21；4NC5432-2DH21；4NC5433-0CH20；4NC5433-0DH21；4NC5433-2CH20；4NC5433-2DH21；4NC5434-0CH21；4NC5434-2CH20；4NC5434-2CH21；4NC5435-0CH21；4NC5435-0DH21；4NC5435-2CH21；4NC5435-2DH21；4NC5436-2DK21；4NC5438-0CJ21；4NC5438-2CJ21；4NC5438-2DL21；4NC5440-0CJ21；4NC5440-2CJ21；4NC5440-2DM21；4NC5441-2CN21；4NC5441-2DN21；4NC5923-5LT21；4NC5925-5LT21；4NC5930-5LT21；4NC5940-5LT21；
7KT1223；7KT1222；7KT1260；7KT1542；7KT1548；7KT9030；7KT1546；7KT1545；7KT1543；7KT1540；7KT1242；7KT1238；7KT1900；7KT1664；7KT1666；7KT1533；7KT1668；7KT1236；7KT1662；7KT1682；7KT1531；7KT1673；7KT1233；7KT1671；7KT1665；7KT1907；7KT1667；7KT1530；7KT1908；7KT1661；7KT1663；7KT1681；7KT1672；7KT1670；7KT1652；7KT1654；7KT1656；7KT1110；7KT1120；7KT1200；7KT1651；7KT1653；7KT1655；7KT1202；7KT1201；7KT5600；7KT5823；7KT5833；7KT5822；7KT5821；7KT5801；7KT1255；7KT5500；7KT1254；7KT9010；7KT9011；7KT5812；7KT5814；7KT5811；7KT5601；7KT5602；7KT5603；7KT5604；7KT5802；7KT5803；7KT5804；7KT5806；7KT5807；7KT5505；7KT5501；7KT5502；7KT5503；7KT5504；7KT9000；7KT9021；7KT9020；
Arbejdspraksis:
Transformatoren består af en jernkerne (eller magnetisk kerne) og en spole. Spolen har to eller flere viklinger. Den vikling, der er forbundet til strømforsyningen, kaldes den primære spole, og de resterende viklinger kaldes sekundære spoler. Det kan transformere vekselstrøm, spænding og impedans. Den enkleste jernkernetransformator er sammensat af en jernkerne lavet af blødt magnetisk materiale og to spoler med forskellige sving dækker jernkernen.
Kernens rolle er at styrke den magnetiske kobling mellem de to spoler. For at reducere virvelstrømmen og hysteresetabet i jernet er kernen lavet af lamineret siliciumstålplader; der er ingen elektrisk forbindelse mellem de to spoler, og spolerne er lavet af isolerede kobbertråde (eller aluminiumtråde). Den ene spole, der er tilsluttet vekselstrømskilden, kaldes den primære spole (eller den primære spole), og den anden spole, der er tilsluttet det elektriske apparat, kaldes den sekundære spole (eller den sekundære spole). Den aktuelle transformator er meget kompliceret, og uundgåeligt er der kobbertab (opvarmning af spolemodstand), jerntab (opvarmning af jernkerne) og magnetisk lækage (magnetisk induktionstråd lukket med luft) osv. For at forenkle diskussionen er det kun den ideelle transformer introduceres her. Betingelserne for en ideel transformer, der skal etableres, er: ignorere lækagefluxen, ignorere modstanden for de primære og sekundære spoler, ignorere tabet af kernen og ignorere strømmen uden belastning (strømmen i den primære spole i sekundæren spole er åben). For eksempel, når krafttransformatoren kører ved fuld belastning (den sekundære spoleudgangs nominelle effekt), er den tæt på den ideelle transformer.
Transformatorer er statiske elektriske apparater fremstillet ved hjælp af princippet om elektromagnetisk induktion. Når transformerens originale spole er tilsluttet vekselstrømforsyningen, genereres der en skiftevis magnetisk flux i jernkernen, hvilket generelt er angivet med φ. Φ i de primære og sekundære spoler er de samme, og φ er også en simpel harmonisk funktion. Tabellen er φ = φmsinωt. I henhold til Faradays lov om elektromagnetisk induktion er den inducerede elektromotoriske kraft i de primære og sekundære spoler e1 = -N1dφ / dt og e2 = -N2dφ / dt. I formlen er N1 og N2 svingene til de primære og sekundære spoler. Det kan ses, at U1 = -e1 og U2 = e2 (den fysiske mængde af den originale spole er repræsenteret af underskriptet 1, og den fysiske mængde af den sekundære spole er repræsenteret af underskriptet 2). = N1 / N2, kaldet transformationsforholdet for transformeren. Fra den ovennævnte formel er U1 / U2 = -N1 / N2 = -k, det vil sige forholdet mellem den effektive værdi af transformerens primære og sekundære spolespændinger lig med dens omdrejningsforhold og faseforskellen mellem den primære og sekundære spole spændinger er π.
Det konkluderes endvidere, at:
U1/U2 = N1/N2
I tilfælde, hvor strømmen uden belastning kan ignoreres, er der I1 / I2 = -N2 / N1, det vil sige den effektive værdi af den primære og sekundære spiralstrøm er omvendt proportional med antallet af drejninger, og faseforskellen er π.
Til gengæld tilgængelig
I1/I2 = N2/N1
Kraften i de primære og sekundære spoler i en ideel transformer er lig P1 = P2. Det viser, at den ideelle transformer i sig selv ikke har noget strømtab. Den aktuelle transformator har altid tab, og dens effektivitet er η = P2 / P1. Effektiviteten af effekttransformatorer er meget høj, op til mere end 90%
Karakteristiske parametre:
arbejdsfrekvens
Transformatorens kernetab har et fantastisk forhold til frekvensen, så det skal designes og bruges i henhold til brugsfrekvensen. Denne frekvens kaldes driftsfrekvensen.
nominel effekt
Under den specificerede frekvens og spænding kan transformeren arbejde i lang tid uden at overskride udgangseffekten for den specificerede temperaturstigning.
mærkespænding
Henviser til den tilladte spænding på transformatorens spole, der ikke må være større end den specificerede værdi under drift.
Spændingsforhold
Henviser til forholdet mellem transformers primær spænding og sekundær spænding, der er forskel mellem ikke-belastningsspændingsforhold og belastningsspændingsforhold.
Strøm uden belastning
Når transformatorens sekundær er åben, har den primære stadig en vis strøm. Denne del af strømmen kaldes strøm uden belastning. Strømmen uden belastning er sammensat af magnetiserende strøm (genererende magnetisk flux) og jerntabsstrøm (forårsaget af kernetab). For en 50Hz strømtransformator er strømmen uden belastning stort set lig med magnetiseringsstrømmen.
Belastningstab
Henviser til det effekttab, der er målt ved det primære, når transformatorsekundæren er åben. Hovedtabet er kernetabet efterfulgt af strømtabet uden belastning (kobbertab) på den primære coil-kobbermodstand, denne del af tabet er meget lille.
effektivitet
Henviser til procentdelen af forholdet mellem sekundær effekt P2 og primær effekt P1. Generelt, jo større transformatorens nominelle effekt, desto højere er effektiviteten.
Isolationsmodstanden
Det angiver isoleringsydelsen mellem hver spole i transformeren og mellem hver spole og jernkernen. Niveauet for isoleringsmodstand er relateret til ydeevnen for det anvendte isoleringsmateriale, temperaturniveauet og fugtighedsgraden.
